// @ts-check
/**
 * Draws the page.  Each layer has its own canvas, so hiding a layer or
 * redrawing it after an erasure does not touch the others.
 *
 * A stroke is drawn as a chain of parts, one per point (see
 * stroke_geometry.js).  The part for a point can be drawn only when the
 * following point is known, so the newest end of a stroke in progress (its
 * *tail*) is drawn on a separate canvas that is cleared and redrawn as the
 * stroke grows.
 */

import { BLANK_PAGE_HEIGHT, BLANK_PAGE_WIDTH, POINT_SIZE, pointCount } from './page_model.js';
import { partAt, widthAt } from './stroke_geometry.js';
import { LEFT_GAP, LINE_HEIGHT, TOP_GAP, fontOf } from './text_layout.js';

/** @typedef {import('./page_model.js').Page} Page */
/** @typedef {import('./page_model.js').Stroke} Stroke */
/** @typedef {import('./page_model.js').TextBlock} TextBlock */

/**
 * A rectangle in page units.
 * @typedef {{x0: number, y0: number, x1: number, y1: number}} Region
 */

/**
 * One step of zooming, by button or scroll wheel, is this factor (10%,
 * Andy's first choice to try, 2026-10-03).
 */
export const ZOOM_STEP = 1.1;
const LEAST_CSS_PIXELS_PER_UNIT = 0.05;
const MOST_CSS_PIXELS_PER_UNIT = 8;

/**
 * How the page is scaled on screen: fitted to the window, or a fixed
 * number of CSS pixels per page unit.
 * @typedef {'fit' | number} Zoom
 */

/**
 * Draw a text block.
 * @param {CanvasRenderingContext2D} context
 * @param {TextBlock} block
 */
function drawText(context, block) {
  context.font = fontOf(block.size, block.font);
  context.fillStyle = block.color;
  context.textBaseline = 'top';
  block.lines.forEach((line, i) => {
    context.fillText(line, block.x + block.size * LEFT_GAP,
                     block.y + block.size * (TOP_GAP + i * LINE_HEIGHT));
  });
}

/**
 * Draw the part of a stroke that belongs to point `k`.
 * @param {CanvasRenderingContext2D} context
 * @param {Stroke} stroke
 * @param {number} k
 */
function drawPart(context, stroke, k) {
  const part = partAt(stroke, k);
  context.beginPath();
  if (part.dot) {
    context.arc(part.x, part.y, part.width / 2, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
    context.fillStyle = stroke.color;
    context.fill();
    return;
  }
  context.moveTo(part.fromX, part.fromY);
  context.quadraticCurveTo(part.x, part.y, part.toX, part.toY);
  context.strokeStyle = stroke.color;
  context.lineWidth = part.width;
  context.stroke();
}

export class Renderer {
  /**
   * @param {HTMLElement} pageElement  Element that holds the canvases.
   * @param {Page} page
   */
  constructor(pageElement, page) {
    this.pageElement = pageElement;
    this.page = page;
    /** @type {Map<string, HTMLCanvasElement>} */
    this.canvases = new Map();
    /** @type {Set<string>} */
    this.hidden = new Set();
    /** @type {WeakMap<Stroke, number>}  Parts of each stroke already drawn. */
    this.drawn = new WeakMap();
    /** @type {Map<Stroke, string>}  Strokes in progress and their layers. */
    this.active = new Map();
    /** Region of the tail canvas in use, in page units, or null. */
    this.tailRegion = /** @type {Region | null} */ (null);

    this.tailCanvas = this.makeCanvas();
    this.tailCanvas.classList.add('tails');
    this.pageElement.append(this.tailCanvas);

    /**
     * The elements that show the page's images beneath the layers, one for
     * each image whose bytes are here, and the bytes each one shows.
     * @type {{element: HTMLImageElement, data: Uint8Array | null}[]}
     */
    this.imageElements = [];

    /** Canvas pixels per page unit. */
    this.scale = 1;
    /** The page's left and top as last shown, for keeping the view still. */
    this.shownLeft = /** @type {number | null} */ (null);
    this.shownTop = /** @type {number | null} */ (null);
    /** @type {Zoom} */
    this.zoom = 'fit';
    /** CSS pixels per page unit as last shown. */
    this.cssPixelsPerUnit = 1;
    /**
     * True while the user is drawing a stroke.  At "Fit" the page is not
     * refitted then: if it were, writing past an edge would move the edge
     * away from the pen with every step of growth.
     */
    this.holdFit = false;
    /** @type {(() => void) | null}  Told when the zoom changes. */
    this.onZoomChanged = null;
    /**
     * True until a page that its images have made larger than a sheet has
     * been shown for the first time.  Such a page is a series of exercises
     * to scroll through (Andy, 2026-10-05), so it is first shown at the
     * scale at which one sheet fits the window, not all of it made small.
     * (A reloaded tab shows it as it was last seen there: see showView.)
     */
    this.sheetFirst = false;
    /**
     * The text block being edited, if any, which is shown by the editor's
     * own text field and so not drawn here.
     * @type {string | null}
     */
    this.editingText = null;
    this.setPage(page);

    // Ctrl and the scroll wheel zoom about the pointer, as elsewhere.
    this.desk().addEventListener('wheel', (event) => {
      if (!event.ctrlKey) return;
      event.preventDefault();
      this.zoomBy(event.deltaY < 0 ? ZOOM_STEP : 1 / ZOOM_STEP, event.clientX, event.clientY);
    }, { passive: false });
  }

  /** @returns {HTMLElement}  The scrolling container of the page. */
  desk() {
    return /** @type {HTMLElement} */ (this.pageElement.parentElement);
  }

  /**
   * Zoom in or out by a factor, from whatever the zoom is now.
   * @param {number} factor
   * @param {number} [clientX]  The point to zoom about; else the middle.
   * @param {number} [clientY]
   */
  zoomBy(factor, clientX, clientY) {
    this.setZoom(this.cssPixelsPerUnit * factor, clientX, clientY);
  }

  /**
   * Change the zoom.  With a position given, the page point under it stays
   * under it; otherwise the point at the middle of the view stays.
   * @param {Zoom} zoom
   * @param {number} [clientX]
   * @param {number} [clientY]
   */
  setZoom(zoom, clientX, clientY) {
    if (typeof zoom === 'number') {
      zoom = Math.max(LEAST_CSS_PIXELS_PER_UNIT, Math.min(MOST_CSS_PIXELS_PER_UNIT, zoom));
    }
    const desk = this.desk();
    const deskBox = desk.getBoundingClientRect();
    const anchorX = clientX ?? deskBox.left + desk.clientWidth / 2;
    const anchorY = clientY ?? deskBox.top + desk.clientHeight / 2;
    const [pageX, pageY] = this.pageFromClient(anchorX, anchorY);

    this.zoom = zoom;
    this.sheetFirst = false;
    this.resize();

    // Scroll so that the anchored page point is back under the anchor.
    const box = this.pageElement.getBoundingClientRect();
    const nowX = box.left + (pageX - this.page.left) * this.cssPixelsPerUnit;
    const nowY = box.top + (pageY - this.page.top) * this.cssPixelsPerUnit;
    desk.scrollLeft += nowX - anchorX;
    desk.scrollTop += nowY - anchorY;
    this.onZoomChanged?.();
  }

  /**
   * Show another page in place of the present one.
   * @param {Page} page
   */
  setPage(page) {
    this.page = page;
    this.shownLeft = null;
    this.shownTop = null;
    this.zoom = 'fit';
    this.sheetFirst = page.isLargerThanSheet();
    this.onZoomChanged?.();
    // A new page is seen from its top.
    this.desk().scrollTop = 0;
    this.desk().scrollLeft = 0;
    for (const canvas of this.canvases.values()) canvas.remove();
    this.canvases.clear();
    this.hidden.clear();
    this.active.clear();
    this.showImages();
    this.resize();
    // Once more after the browser has laid the page out, in case anything
    // above (a dialog closing, say) left the measurements stale.  Andy saw
    // a loaded page's image appear only after pressing Fit (2026-10-03),
    // which could not be reproduced.
    requestAnimationFrame(() => {
      if (this.page === page) this.resize();
    });
  }

  /**
   * How the page is being shown, so that it can be shown the same way
   * after the browser page is reloaded.
   * @returns {{zoom: Zoom, x: number, y: number}}  The zoom, and the page
   *     point at the top left corner of the view.
   */
  view() {
    const desk = this.desk();
    return {
      zoom: this.zoom,
      x: this.page.left + desk.scrollLeft / this.cssPixelsPerUnit,
      y: this.page.top + desk.scrollTop / this.cssPixelsPerUnit,
    };
  }

  /**
   * Show the page as view() described it.
   * @param {{zoom: Zoom, x: number, y: number}} view
   */
  showView(view) {
    this.zoom = view.zoom === 'fit' ? 'fit'
      : Math.max(LEAST_CSS_PIXELS_PER_UNIT, Math.min(MOST_CSS_PIXELS_PER_UNIT, view.zoom));
    this.sheetFirst = false;
    this.resize();
    const desk = this.desk();
    desk.scrollLeft = (view.x - this.page.left) * this.cssPixelsPerUnit;
    desk.scrollTop = (view.y - this.page.top) * this.cssPixelsPerUnit;
    this.onZoomChanged?.();
  }

  /**
   * Keep the present scale from now on, if the page is being fitted to the
   * window.  Called when an image is added or taken back: the page then
   * extends beyond the window, to be scrolled to, and what is in view
   * stays as it is (Andy, 2026-10-05).
   */
  holdScale() {
    if (this.zoom !== 'fit' || this.shownLeft === null) return;
    this.zoom = this.cssPixelsPerUnit;
    this.onZoomChanged?.();
  }

  /** Place the image elements where the images lie on the page. */
  layoutImages() {
    const page = this.page;
    for (const [i, image] of page.images.entries()) {
      const style = this.imageElements[i]?.element.style;
      if (!style) continue;
      style.left = `${(image.x - page.left) / page.width * 100}%`;
      style.top = `${(image.y - page.top) / page.height * 100}%`;
      style.width = `${image.width / page.width * 100}%`;
      style.height = `${image.height / page.height * 100}%`;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Show the page's images whose bytes are here.  An element that already
   * shows the right bytes is left alone, so that adding an image does not
   * make the others flicker.
   */
  showImages() {
    const images = this.page.images;
    for (const [i, image] of images.entries()) {
      let shown = this.imageElements[i];
      if (!shown) {
        const element = document.createElement('img');
        element.className = 'page_image';
        element.alt = '';
        element.draggable = false;
        element.hidden = true;
        // Beneath the layers, in the sequence of the images.
        const before = this.imageElements[i - 1]?.element.nextSibling ?? this.pageElement.firstChild;
        this.pageElement.insertBefore(element, before);
        shown = this.imageElements[i] = { element, data: null };
      }
      if (shown.data === image.data) continue;
      if (shown.element.src) URL.revokeObjectURL(shown.element.src);
      shown.data = image.data;
      shown.element.hidden = !image.data;
      if (image.data) {
        shown.element.src = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([image.data], { type: image.type }));
      } else {
        shown.element.removeAttribute('src');
      }
    }
    for (const gone of this.imageElements.splice(images.length)) {
      if (gone.element.src) URL.revokeObjectURL(gone.element.src);
      gone.element.remove();
    }
    this.layoutImages();
  }

  makeCanvas() {
    const canvas = document.createElement('canvas');
    canvas.className = 'layer';
    return canvas;
  }

  /**
   * @param {HTMLCanvasElement} canvas
   * @returns {CanvasRenderingContext2D}
   */
  context(canvas) {
    const context = /** @type {CanvasRenderingContext2D} */ (canvas.getContext('2d'));
    context.setTransform(this.scale, 0, 0, this.scale,
                         -this.page.left * this.scale, -this.page.top * this.scale);
    context.lineCap = 'round';
    context.lineJoin = 'round';
    return context;
  }

  /** @param {HTMLCanvasElement} canvas */
  sizeCanvas(canvas) {
    canvas.width = Math.round(this.page.width * this.scale);
    canvas.height = Math.round(this.page.height * this.scale);
  }

  /**
   * Match the canvases to the page's rectangle and its displayed size, and
   * redraw.  Called when the window changes, when the page grows and when
   * the zoom changes.
   *
   * At "Fit", the whole page is shown within the window, and refitted
   * when the page grows, except while the user is drawing (see holdFit).
   */
  resize() {
    const desk = this.desk();
    const deskStyle = getComputedStyle(desk);
    // offsetWidth, not clientWidth: a fitted page needs no scrollbars, so
    // the room they take while zoomed in must not count.
    const availableWidth = desk.offsetWidth -
      parseFloat(deskStyle.paddingLeft) - parseFloat(deskStyle.paddingRight);
    const availableHeight = desk.offsetHeight -
      parseFloat(deskStyle.paddingTop) - parseFloat(deskStyle.paddingBottom);
    if (!(availableWidth > 0) || !(availableHeight > 0)) return;
    const first = this.zoom === 'fit' && this.sheetFirst;
    this.sheetFirst = false;
    if (first) {
      this.zoom = Math.max(LEAST_CSS_PIXELS_PER_UNIT, Math.min(MOST_CSS_PIXELS_PER_UNIT,
        1 / Math.max(BLANK_PAGE_WIDTH / availableWidth, BLANK_PAGE_HEIGHT / availableHeight)));
    }
    let unitsPerCssPixel;
    if (this.zoom !== 'fit') unitsPerCssPixel = 1 / this.zoom;
    else if (this.holdFit && this.shownLeft !== null) unitsPerCssPixel = 1 / this.cssPixelsPerUnit;
    else unitsPerCssPixel = Math.max(this.page.width / availableWidth, this.page.height / availableHeight);
    this.cssPixelsPerUnit = 1 / unitsPerCssPixel;
    this.pageElement.style.width = `${this.page.width / unitsPerCssPixel}px`;
    this.pageElement.style.height = `${this.page.height / unitsPerCssPixel}px`;
    this.layoutImages();
    // When the page grew to the left or upward, keep what is in view in view.
    if (this.shownLeft !== null && this.page.left < this.shownLeft) {
      desk.scrollLeft += (this.shownLeft - this.page.left) / unitsPerCssPixel;
    }
    if (this.shownTop !== null && this.page.top < this.shownTop) {
      desk.scrollTop += (this.shownTop - this.page.top) / unitsPerCssPixel;
    }
    this.shownLeft = this.page.left;
    this.shownTop = this.page.top;

    this.scale = (window.devicePixelRatio || 1) / unitsPerCssPixel;
    this.sizeCanvas(this.tailCanvas);
    this.tailRegion = null;
    for (const id of this.canvases.keys()) this.redrawLayer(id, true);
    this.drawTails();
    if (first) this.onZoomChanged?.();
  }

  /**
   * Put the layer canvases in the given sequence, bottom to top, creating
   * canvases for new layers.
   * @param {string[]} ids
   */
  setLayerOrder(ids) {
    for (const id of ids) {
      let canvas = this.canvases.get(id);
      if (!canvas) {
        canvas = this.makeCanvas();
        this.sizeCanvas(canvas);
        this.canvases.set(id, canvas);
      }
      this.pageElement.insertBefore(canvas, this.tailCanvas);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @param {string} id
   * @param {boolean} visible
   */
  setLayerVisible(id, visible) {
    if (visible) this.hidden.delete(id);
    else this.hidden.add(id);
    const canvas = this.canvases.get(id);
    if (canvas) canvas.hidden = !visible;
    this.drawTails();
  }

  /**
   * Draw a layer again from the page.
   * @param {string} id
   * @param {boolean} [resized]  The canvas size must change as well.
   */
  redrawLayer(id, resized = false) {
    const canvas = this.canvases.get(id);
    const layer = this.page.layers.get(id);
    if (!canvas) return;
    if (resized) this.sizeCanvas(canvas);
    const context = this.context(canvas);
    context.clearRect(this.page.left, this.page.top, this.page.width, this.page.height);
    for (const [stroke, layerId] of this.active) {
      if (layerId === id) this.active.delete(stroke);
    }
    if (!layer) return;
    for (const stroke of layer.strokes.values()) {
      this.drawn.set(stroke, 0);
      this.drawNewParts(context, id, stroke);
    }
    for (const block of layer.texts.values()) {
      if (block.id !== this.editingText) drawText(context, block);
    }
    this.drawTails();
  }

  /**
   * A stroke gained points or was finished: draw what is new.
   * @param {string} layerId
   * @param {Stroke} stroke
   */
  strokeProgress(layerId, stroke) {
    const canvas = this.canvases.get(layerId);
    if (!canvas) return;
    this.drawNewParts(this.context(canvas), layerId, stroke);
    this.drawTails();
  }

  /**
   * @param {CanvasRenderingContext2D} context
   * @param {string} layerId
   * @param {Stroke} stroke
   */
  drawNewParts(context, layerId, stroke) {
    const count = pointCount(stroke);
    // The part for the newest point waits until the stroke is finished or
    // another point arrives.
    const ready = stroke.done ? count : count - 1;
    let k = this.drawn.get(stroke) ?? 0;
    for (; k < ready; k++) drawPart(context, stroke, k);
    this.drawn.set(stroke, Math.max(k, 0));
    if (stroke.done) this.active.delete(stroke);
    else this.active.set(stroke, layerId);
  }

  /** Redraw the tails of the strokes in progress. */
  drawTails() {
    const context = this.context(this.tailCanvas);
    if (this.tailRegion) {
      const r = this.tailRegion;
      context.clearRect(r.x0, r.y0, r.x1 - r.x0, r.y1 - r.y0);
      this.tailRegion = null;
    }
    for (const [stroke, layerId] of this.active) {
      const count = pointCount(stroke);
      if (count === 0 || this.hidden.has(layerId)) continue;
      const p = stroke.points;
      const end = (count - 1) * POINT_SIZE;
      const width = widthAt(stroke, count - 1);
      context.beginPath();
      let startX = p[end];
      let startY = p[end + 1];
      if (count === 1) {
        context.arc(p[end], p[end + 1], width / 2, 0, 2 * Math.PI);
        context.fillStyle = stroke.color;
        context.fill();
      } else {
        startX = (p[end - POINT_SIZE] + p[end]) / 2;
        startY = (p[end - POINT_SIZE + 1] + p[end + 1]) / 2;
        context.moveTo(startX, startY);
        context.lineTo(p[end], p[end + 1]);
        context.strokeStyle = stroke.color;
        context.lineWidth = width;
        context.stroke();
      }
      const margin = width + 2 / this.scale;
      /** @type {Region} */
      const r = this.tailRegion ?? { x0: Infinity, y0: Infinity, x1: -Infinity, y1: -Infinity };
      r.x0 = Math.min(r.x0, startX - margin, p[end] - margin);
      r.y0 = Math.min(r.y0, startY - margin, p[end + 1] - margin);
      r.x1 = Math.max(r.x1, startX + margin, p[end] + margin);
      r.y1 = Math.max(r.y1, startY + margin, p[end + 1] + margin);
      this.tailRegion = r;
    }
  }

  /**
   * Convert a position in the window to page units.
   * @param {number} clientX
   * @param {number} clientY
   * @returns {[number, number]}
   */
  pageFromClient(clientX, clientY) {
    const box = this.pageElement.getBoundingClientRect();
    return [
      this.page.left + (clientX - box.left) * this.page.width / box.width,
      this.page.top + (clientY - box.top) * this.page.height / box.height,
    ];
  }

  /**
   * @param {number} cssPixels
   * @returns {number}  The same length in page units.
   */
  pageLength(cssPixels) {
    return cssPixels * this.page.width / this.pageElement.getBoundingClientRect().width;
  }
}